阿西莫夫提出了科幻小說中的關於機器人的
❶ 阿西莫夫機器人三部曲的前後順序
第一部——《我,機器人》,可以當當做機器人系列前傳來看,主要是公元2015年的事。
第二、三、四部——《鋼穴》、《裸陽》《曙光中的機器人》,這是機器人正傳,也就是我們所說的機器人三部曲,發生時間書中未具體說明。
第五部——《機器人與帝國》,這是機器人系列的最後一本,也算是後傳了。時間書中也未具體說明(不過是以利亞·貝萊死後的事)。
所以時間順序就是按1、2、3、4、5部來排。
❷ 機器人三定律是誰提出
1942年美國科幻巨匠阿西莫夫提出「機器人學三大法則」。
第一定律:機器人不得傷害人類個體,或者目睹人類個體將遭受危險而袖手不管。
第二定律:機器人必須服從人給予它的命令,當該命令與第一定律沖突時例外。
第三定律:機器人在不違反第一、第二定律的情況下要盡可能保護自己的生存。
這些構成了阿西莫夫基於機器人的小說的組織原則和統一主題,出現在他的機器人系列、與之相關的故事以及他的LuckyStarr系列年輕成人小說中。幾乎所有出現在他的小說中的正電子機器人都包含了這些定律,並且不能被繞過,旨在作為一種安全功能。
許多阿西莫夫以機器人為中心的故事都涉及機器人以不尋常和違反直覺的方式行為,這是機器人如何將三定律應用於它發現自己的情況的意外結果。在阿西莫夫的虛構世界中工作的其他作者也採用了它們和參考資料,通常是滑稽的,出現在科幻小說以及其他類型中。
阿西莫夫和其他作者對原始法律進行了修改和闡述。阿西莫夫本人對各種書籍和短篇小說中的前三個進行了輕微修改,以進一步發展機器人與人類和彼此互動的方式。
補充修改
阿西莫夫之後,人們不斷提出對機器人三原則的補充、修正。
保加利亞科幻作家Lyuben Dilov1974年在小說《 Icarus's Way》中提出第四原則:
第四原則:機器人在任何情況下都必須確認自己是機器人。
1989年美國科幻作家Harry Harrison在《Foundation's Friends》中又提出另一個第四原則:
第四原則:機器人必須進行繁殖,只要進行繁殖不違反第一原則、第二原則或者第三原則。
保加利亞科幻作家Nikola Kesarovski在《The Fifth Law of Robotics》(1983年)中又提出一個與Lyuben Dilov第四原則看似相似實則不同的第五原則:
第五原則:機器人必須知道自己是機器人。
❸ 科幻小說家阿西莫夫提出的機器人三定律是什麼
科幻文學,在中國一直屬於小眾領域,直到幾年前劉慈欣的《三體》獲得雨果獎後,才吸引來了更多目光。
或許大多數人對於科幻小說的印象只能止步於《三體》、《北京折疊》,但作為智能科技從業者/愛好者的你要知道,很多科幻作者都是未來科技的預言家。
曾經有人統計過,已經在現實世界實現的科幻預言、近五十年來的重大科技進展幾乎都被科幻小說劇透過。
或許是因為強大的預言能力,在2014年,谷歌投資的Magic Leap增強現實技術開發商邀請斯蒂芬森加入,並給了一個獨一無二的頭銜——首席未來學家。當然,後來爆出Magic Leap的作假丑聞似乎也預示著文字工作者最好離這些創業的遠一些。
❹ 阿西莫夫機器人系列的介紹
阿西莫夫的科幻作品數量眾多,其中最主要的有兩大系列:「基地」系列和「機器人」系列。「機器人」系列中的短篇作品主要收集在《機械公敵》和《其餘的機器人》等作品集當中。阿西莫夫利用自己提出的「機器人三定律」,為機器人建立了一套行為規范和道德准則,從而演繹出一系列推理性和邏輯性極強的精彩故事。
❺ 有哪些關於機器人的科幻小說
花園里的機器人,我的機器人王子,我的女友是機器人,我和機器人的婚禮,智能機器人,機器人間,逆天機器人,機器人小王子的美麗心願,我不想做機器人,丁二狗的肆意人生。
❻ 機器公敵的關於阿西莫夫及作品
艾薩克·阿西莫夫,美籍俄裔猶太人,本世紀最偉大的科幻小說家。同樣也是文學碩士、化學博士和非常優秀的科普小說家。淵博的學識和不懈的努力使阿西莫夫作品的數量非常巨大,並使他獲得了一系列的榮譽和褒獎。在逝世前不久,他曾自述出版過467部著作,但研究他的作品的專家稱,他至少出版過480部著作。而且體裁廣泛,有嚴肅的歷史和科學論著,也有輕松的戲劇、幽默小說。《我,機器人》是阿西莫夫諸多科幻著作中最有名的系列之一。另外一個著名的是《基地》系列。這兩個膾炙人口的系列和《其他機器人》等等故事,都各自獨立成篇,但當貫串起來,卻又是一部俯仰兩萬年的長篇史詩。阿西莫夫的科幻世界廣闊巨大,通過描繪銀河帝國的興亡史,來討論人性與政冶、經濟、軍事等文明要素產生的互動影響。這種宏觀視野使他的作品充滿對人類未來的關懷和思考,可以說影響和改變了很多讀者對世界的看法。本片片名《我,機器人》,對於科幻小說讀者可以說是如雷貫耳。系列小說由十幾個獨立成篇的故事分別組成,而在《引言》的開篇第一句話,阿西莫夫就提出了有名的「機器人三大定律」:第一定律——機器人不得傷害人類,也不得見人類受到傷害而袖手旁觀。第二定律一-機器人應服從人類的一切命令,但不得違反第一定律。第三定律——機器人應保護自身的安全,但不得違反第一、第二定律。由於本片的故事懸念來自根據機器人三大定律的邏輯推演,因此扮演警探的科幻電影專業戶威爾史密斯說:「本片告訴我們:機器人並沒有問題,技術也不是問題,人類邏輯的局限才是最大的問題。因此,到頭來我們才發現,人類最大的敵人不是別人,正是人類自己。」
❼ 急求阿西莫夫機器人,基地,帝國三大系列的書名及其簡介
http://lib.verycd.com/2006/02/07/0000088569.html
中文名稱:艾薩克·阿西莫夫之機器人,帝國,基地系列全集
英文名稱:Isaac Asimov's COMPLETE Robot, Empire, and Foundation
發行時間:2001年
地區:美國
語言:英語
簡介:
艾薩克·阿西莫夫著作等身,一生完成了467部書,其中的科幻小說為他贏得世界級的聲譽。阿西莫夫成功地將心理學、歷史學以及邏輯學引入科幻小說,確立了機器人小說的規則,多次獲得科幻大獎。由於他的傑出貢獻,世界科幻小說協會於1986年特別授予他「科幻大師」獎。阿西莫夫的科幻代表作包括「基地系列」、「機器人系列」,「帝國系列」以及《奇異的旅行》、《神們自己》等。
這里發布的這個全集包括可以收集到的「基地系列」、「機器人系列」,「帝國系列」的全部阿西莫夫本人及相關同人作品,其中每部作品均在壓縮包中的readme里提供了好幾種檢索方式,對於同人作品,尤其標明了阿西莫夫本人的認可程度。
Congratulations, you have acquired The Complete Robot, Empire, and Foundation, the finest collection of Asmovian ebooks available. We had two objectives in the creation of this archive:
1.Include every book/story in Isaac Asimov』s 「Robot,」 「Empire,」 and 「Foundation」 series.
2.Ensure that each and every ebook included was of the highest quality.
To achieve these goals, we combed the internet for the best scans available. These were proofread and corrected. We also restored formatting, such as italics and diacritics, that was missing from many of the scans commonly available on the internet. To these we added a number of new—and carefully proofed—scans, to complete the collection. As a result, each and every ebook in The Complete REF archive is guaranteed to be the best version available
Publication Date / Title / Author
1939 Marooned Off Vesta (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1939 Trends (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1939 Weapon Too Dreadful to Use, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Callistan Menace, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Farewell To The Master (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Bates, Harry
1940 Half-Breed (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Half-Breeds on Venus (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Homo Sol (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Magnificent Possession, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Ring Around the Sun (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Robbie (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Robbie (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1940 Robbie (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Heredity (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 History (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Liar! (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Liar! (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Liar! (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Nightfall (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Nightfall (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Not Final! (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Reason (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Reason (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Reason (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Secret Sense, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1941 Super-Neutron (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Black Friar of the Flame (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Christmas on Ganymede (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Hazing, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Imaginary, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Robot AL-76 Goes Astray (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Runaround (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Runaround (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Runaround (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Time Pussy (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1942 Victory Unintentional (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1943 Death Sentence (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1944 Catch That Rabbit (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1944 Catch That Rabbit (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1944 Though Dreamers Die (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Del Rey, Lester
1945 Blind Alley (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1945 Escape! (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1945 Escape! (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1946 Evidence (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1946 Evidence (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1946 Evidence (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1947 Little Lost Robot (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1947 Little Lost Robot (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1947 Little Lost Robot (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1947 Little Lost Robot (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1948 Endochronic Properties of Resublimated Thiotimoline, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1948 No Connection (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1949 Mother Earth (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1949 Red Queen's Race, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Darwinian Pool Room (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Day of the Hunters (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Evitable Conflict, The (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Evitable Conflict, The (I, Robot) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Evitable Conflict, The (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Green Patches (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Legal Rites (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Little Man on the Subway, The (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1950 Pebble in the Sky Asimov, Isaac
1951 Breeds There A Man (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Breeds There A Man (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1951 C-Chute (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1951 C-Chute (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Foundation Asimov, Isaac
1951 Fun They Had, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Fun They Had, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Hostess (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Hostess (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1951 In a Good Cause-- (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Satisfaction Guaranteed (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Satisfaction Guaranteed (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Satisfaction Guaranteed (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Shah Guido G. (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1951 Stars, Like Dust, The Asimov, Isaac
1952 Currents of Space, The Asimov, Isaac
1952 Deep, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1952 Foundation and Empire Asimov, Isaac
1952 Martian Way, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1952 Martian Way, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1952 What If-- (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Button, Button (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Caves of Steel, The Asimov, Isaac
1953 Everest (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Flies (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Kid Stuff (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Monkey's Finger, The (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Nobody Here But-- (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Sally (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Sally (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Sally (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Sally (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1953 Second Foundation Asimov, Isaac
1953 Second Variety (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Dick, Philip K.
1953 Soldier Boy (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Shaara, Michael
1954 First To Serve (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Budrys, Algis
1954 Foundation of S.F. Success, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1954 How-2 (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Simak, Clifford D.
1954 Immortal Bard, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1954 It's Such A Beautiful Day (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1954 Let's Not (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1954 Pause, The (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1955 Dreaming Is A Private Thing (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1955 End of Eternity, The asimov, Isaac
1955 Franchise (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1955 Franchise (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1955 Last Trump, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1955 Risk (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1955 The Lifeboat Mutiny (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Sheckley, Robert
1955 The Tunnel Under The World (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Pohl, Frederick
1955 Two-Handed Engine (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Kuttner, Henry and Moore, C. L.
1956 A.E. Van Vogt's 'Slan' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1956 Alfred Bester's 'The Demolished Man' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1956 Dead Past, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Dead Past, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Dying Night, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Each an Explorer (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1956 First Law (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Gimmicks Three (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Hell-Fire (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Isaac Asimov's 'The Caves Of Steel' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1956 John W. Cambell's 'Who Goes There'' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1956 Jokester (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Jokester (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 L. Sprague De Camp's 'Lest Darkness Fall' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1956 Last Question, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Last Question, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Living Space (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Message, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Naked Sun, The Asimov, Isaac
1956 Someday (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Someday (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Someday (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1956 Watery Place, The (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Author's Ordeal, The (Poetry) (Earth is Room Enough) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Blank! (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Does A Bee Care (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Does A Bee Care (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Galley Slave (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Galley Slave (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Gentlemen: Please Note (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1957 Insert Knob A in Hole B (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Let's Get Together (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Look Out! Duck! (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1957 Masters Of The Metropolis (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1957 Strikebreaker (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1957 Strikebreaker (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1957 The Best Policy (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1957 The Ecation Of Tigress Mccardle (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Kornbluth, C. M.
1958 ...No Connections (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1958 Brother Robot (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Slesar, Henry
1958 Buy Jupiter Asimov, Isaac
1958 Feeling of Power, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1958 Lenny (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1958 Lenny (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1958 Silly Asses (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1958 Spell My Name With An S (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1958 Ugly Little Boy, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1958 Up-To-Date Sorcerer, The (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1959 Anniversary (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1959 Despoilers Of The Golden Empire (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1959 Rain, Rain, Go Away (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1959 Statue For Father, A (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1959 Too Robot To Marry (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Smith, George H.
1959 Unto The Fourth Generation (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1961 Machine That Won The War, The (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1961 Machine That Won The War, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1961 Mustang (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1961 The Problem Was Lubrication (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Bunch, David R.
1961 What Is This Thing Called Love? (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1962 My Son, The Physicist (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1962 The Cosmic Beat (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1962 Through Time And Space With Benedict Breadfruit (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1964 Author! Author! (Early Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1965 Eyes Do More Than See (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1965 Eyes Do More Than See (Nightfall and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1965 Founding Father (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1966 Prime of Life, The (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1967 Billiard Ball, The (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1967 Billiard Ball, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1967 Segregationist (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1967 Segregationist (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1968 Exile To Hell (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1968 Key Item (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1968 Proper Study, The (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1969 Feminine Intuition (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1969 Feminine Intuition (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1969 Feminine Intuition (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1970 2430 A.D. (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1970 Waterclap (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1972 Greatest Asset, The (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1972 Mirror Image (Best of Isaac Asimov, The) Asimov, Isaac
1972 Mirror Image (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1972 Mirror Image (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1972 Take A Match (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1973 Light Verse (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1973 Light Verse (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1973 Light Verse (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1973 Thiotimoline To The Stars (Buy Jupiter) Asimov, Isaac
1974 Stranger in Paradise (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1974 That Thou Art Mindful of Him (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1974 That Thou Art Mindful of Him (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1975 Boy's Best Friend, A (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1975 Life and Times of Multivac, The (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1975 Point of View (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Bicentennial Man, The (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Bicentennial Man, The (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Birth of a Notion (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Marching In (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Old-fashioned (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Sun Up (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Jackson, A.A. IV and Waldrop, Howard
1976 Tercentenary Incident, The (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Tercentenary Incident, The (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1976 Winnowing, The (Bicentennial Man and Other Stories) Asimov, Isaac
1977 On The Martian Problem (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1977 Think! (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1977 Think! (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1977 True Love (Complete Robot, The) Asimov, Isaac
1977 True Love (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1978 Backstage Lensman (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1978 The Horror Out Of Time (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1979 Poul Anderson's 'Three Hearts And Three Lions' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1979 Prehistoric Note (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1980 'Reviews In Verse' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1980 Breakfast Of Champions (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Easton, Thomas A.
1980 Last Answer, The (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1980 The Adventures Of 'Little Willie' (Takeoff!) Garrett, Randall
1982 Foundation's Edge Asimov, Isaac
1982 Lest We Remember (Robot Dreams) Asimov, Isaac
1983 Norby Chronicles, The Asimov, Janet & Isaac
1983 Robots of Dawn, The Asimov, Isaac
1985 Hallucination (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1985 Robots and Empire Asimov, Isaac
1985 The Warm Space (Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction vol 9: Robots) Brin, David
1986 Feghoot and the Courts (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1986 Foundation and Earth Asimov, Isaac
1986 Robot Dreams Asimov, Isaac
1987 Left To Right (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1987 Robot City 1: Odyssey Kube-McDowell, Michael P.
1987 Robot City 2: Suspicion McQuay, Mike
1987 Robot City 3: Cyborg Wu, William F.
1988 Christmas Without Rodney (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1988 Prelude to Foundation Asimov, Isaac
1988 Robot City 4: Prodigy Cover, Arthur Byron
1988 Robot City 5: Refuge Chilson, Rob
1988 Robot City 6: Perihelion Wu, William F.
1988 Smile of the Chipper, The (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1989 A Word or Two from Janet (Foundation's Friends) Asimov, Janet
1989 Alexander the God (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1989 Balance (Foundation's Friends) Resnick, Mike
1989 Blot (Foundation's Friends) Clement, Hal
1989 Carhunters of the Concrete Prairie (Foundation's Friends) Sheckley, Robert
1989 Dilemma (Foundation's Friends) Willis, Connie
1989 Fifty Years (Foundation's Friends) Asimov, Isaac
1989 Foundation's Conscience (Foundation's Friends) Zebrowski, George
1989 Good-bye to Earth (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1989 Instability, The (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1989 Maureen Birnbaum After Dark (Foundation's Friends) Spiegelman Fein, Betsy
1989 Murder in the Urth Degree (Foundation's Friends) Wellen, Edward
1989 Nemesis Asimov, Isaac
1989 PAPPI (Foundation's Friends) Finch, Sheila
1989 Plato's Cave (Foundation's Friends) Anderson, Poul
1989 Robots And Aliens 1: Changeling Leigh, Stephen
1989 Robots And Aliens 2: Renegade Scotten, Cordell
1989 Strip-Runner (Foundation's Friends) Sargent, Pamela
1989 The Asenion Solution (Foundation's Friends) Silverberg, Robert
1989 The Fourth Law of Robotics (Foundation's Friends) Harrison, Harry
1989 The Originist (Foundation's Friends) Card, Orson Scott
1989 The Overheard Conversation (Foundation's Friends) Hoch, Edward D.
1989 The Present Eternal (Foundation's Friends) Malzberg, Barry N.
1989 The Reunion at the Mile-High (Foundation's Friends) Pohl, Frederick
1989 Too Bad! (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1989 Trantor Falls (Foundation's Friends) Turtledove, Harry
1990 Cybernetic Organism (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Fault-Intolerant (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Frustration (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Future Fantastic (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 In the Canyon (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Intelligences Together (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Kid Brother (Gold) Asimov, Isaac
1990 My Robots (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Our Intelligent Tools (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Robot Visions Asimov, Isaac
1990 Robots And Aliens 3: Intruder Thurston, Robert
1990 Robots And Aliens 4: Alliance Oltion, Jerry
1990 Robots And Aliens 5: Maverick Bethke, Bruce
1990 Robots And Aliens 6: Humanity Oltion, Jerry
1990 Robots I Have Known (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 Robots in Combination (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 The Friends We Make (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 The Laws of Humanics (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 The Laws of Robotics (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 The Machine and the Robot (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
1990 The New Profession (Robot Visions) Asimov, Isaac
❽ 科幻作家阿西莫夫提出的機器人三原則是什麼為什麼要提出這三原則
第一法則:機器人不得傷害人類,或坐視人類受到傷害。
第二法則:除非違背第一法則,機器人必須服從人類的命令。
第三法則在不違背第一及第二法則下,機器人必須保護自己。
是為了說明人類和機械之間的關系。隨著技術的發展,三定律可能成為未來機器人的安全准則。
雖然這三條定律看起來堪稱完美,但是,「人類的整體 利益」這種混沌 的概念,連人類自己都搞不明白,更不要說那些用0和 1來想問題的機器人了。
威爾·史密斯曾說:「《我,機器人》的中心概念是機器人沒有問題,科技 本身也不是問題,人 類邏輯的極限才是真正的問題。」
❾ 機器人三定律是由誰提出的
阿西莫夫的《我,機器人》,在一九五〇年末由格諾姆出版社出版。雖說這本書是「舊稿子」,但是這些短篇是在十年間零零散散發表的,這次集中出版,使讀者第一次領略阿西莫夫機器人科幻小說的魅力。阿西莫夫為這本書新寫了《引言》,而《引言》的小標題就是《機器人學的三大法則》,把「機器人學三大法則」放在了最突出、最醒目的地位。
而三大法則之間的互相約束,為後世的創作有一定的指導意義。
LawⅠ:A ROBOT MAY NOT INJURE A HUMAN BEING OR, THROUGH INACTION, ALLOW A HUMAN BEING TO COME TO HARM.
第一定律:機器人不得傷害人類個體,或者目睹人類個體將遭受危險而袖手不管
LawⅡ:A ROBOT MUST OBEY ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.
第二定律:機器人必須服從人給予它的命令,當該命令與第一定律沖突時例外
LawⅢ:A ROBOT MUST PROTECT ITS OWN EXISTENCE AS LONG AS SUCH PROTECTION DOES NOT CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST OR SECOND LAW.
第三定律:機器人在不違反第一、第二定律的情況下要盡可能保護自己的生存
「機器人三定律」在他於1942年發表的作品Runaround(《轉圈圈》,《我,機械人》中的一個短篇)中第一次明確提出,並且成為他的很多小說,包含基地系列小說中機器人的行為准則和故事發展的線索。機器人被設計為遵守這些准則,違反准則會導致機器人受到不可恢復的心理損壞。但是在某些場合,這樣的損壞是不可避免的。在兩個人互相造成傷害時,機器人不能任人受到傷害而無所作為,但是這會造成對另一個人的傷害,在一些小說中這造成了機器人的自毀。
他在小說中提出了三定律的很多變體。這些對機器人行為准則的修改成為他的很多故事的主線。在Little Lost Robot(《消失無蹤》,《我,機械人》中的一個短篇)中為了避免機器人無謂地阻止人類進行低危險性工作,第一定律中的後半部分被去掉了,但是也產生了一些其他的問題。在Robot Dreams(《機械人之夢》,同名小說中的一個短篇)中,一個機器人做了個關於取消第一定律和第二定律的夢,導致了他的毀滅。在機器人與帝國中,一些機器人的系統中「人類的定義」被修改(說話沒有該星球的口音就不是人類),而攻擊人類。在科幻電影Bicentennial Man(《雙百人》,原為短篇小說,後改編為中篇小說《正子人》)中,一個機器人為了成為人,將自己的機械部分逐步替換成組織,並且在最後用自己的貢獻和犧牲換來了人類的認同和保護機器人的法律的產生。
三定律在科幻小說中大放光彩,在一些其他作者的科幻小說中的機器人也遵守這三條定律。同時,三定律也具有一定的現實意義,在三定律基礎上建立新興學科「機械倫理學」旨在研究人類和機械之間的關系。雖然截至2006年,三定律在現實機器人工業中沒有應用,但很多人工智慧和機器人領域的技術專家也認同這個准則,隨著技術的發展,三定律可能成為未來機器人的安全准則。
傳播發展
從1941年的短篇科幻小說《推理》開始,阿西莫夫就在「三大法則」的框架下創作了一系列短篇機器人科幻小說。他熟練運用「三大法則」,在機器人有可能違背法則的前提下逐漸展開故事。這些短篇故事極具邏輯性,情節緊湊,扣人心弦,後來大都被收錄在《我,機器人》(1950)和《其他機器人》(1964)這兩本科幻小說集中。在嘗試了一系列短篇小說之後,阿西莫夫又創作了機器人長篇科幻小說,分別是《鋼窟》(又譯《鋼穴》)(1953)和《裸日》(1957),內容都涉及人類偵探與機器人偵探聯手破案的傳奇故事,被譽為科幻與推理相結合的典範。
有了「三大法則」,阿西莫夫筆下的機器人就不再是「欺師滅祖」、「犯上作亂」的反面角色,而是人類忠實的奴僕和朋友。不過高度智能化的機器人還是會產生各種心理問題,需要人類協助解決,這正是機器人故事的基礎。阿西莫夫所嚮往的,是人類為代表的「碳文明」與機器人為代表的「硅文明」的共存共生。在阿西莫夫的另一篇優秀作品《二百歲人》(1976)中,他的這一思想表露得淋漓盡致。
隨著《我,機器人》產生廣泛的影響,阿西莫夫的「機器人學三大法則」也引起廣泛的注意,以至今日不少論著在論及「機器人學三大法則」時,總是寫道:「一九五○年阿西莫夫在《我,機器人》一書中首次提出『機器人學三大法則』。」實際上,阿西莫夫著名的「機器人學三大法則」,醞釀於一九四○年末,部分發表於一九四一年五月,完整提出於一九四一年十月。
《我,機器人》收入九個短篇機器人科幻小說。這些小說,彼此關聯,是用三個人物貫穿。這三個人物是機器人工程師唐納文、鮑威爾和機器人心理學家蘇珊·卡爾文。故事常常是在一位名叫勞倫斯·羅伯遜的人於一九八二年創立的「美國機器人與機械人公司」這樣的背景下展開。正是因為有共同的人物貫穿,使《我,機器人》中的九個短篇不是各自獨立、互不相干,而是成為系列小說。
在阿西莫夫創作一系列機器人短篇科幻小說並提出「機器人學三大法則」時,世界上還沒有機器人,當然也沒有機器人學和機器人公司。一九五九年,美國英格伯格和德沃爾製造出世界上第一台工業機器人,宣告機器人從科學幻想變為現實。隨著機器人技術的不斷進步,隨著機器人的用途日益廣泛,阿西莫夫的「機器人學三大法則」越來越顯示智者的光輝,以至有人稱之為「機器人學的金科玉律」。
零定律
後來又出現了補充的「機器人零定律」:
第零定律:機器人必須保護人類的整體利益不受傷害,其它三條定律都是在這一前提下才能成立。
出現
在《機器人與帝國》中,「機器人系列」前三部的主人公伊利亞·貝萊在臨終前對機器人R·丹尼爾說道:「個別人的死亡是無所謂的。一個人生路,留下的工作後人會繼承。從這個意義上來說,他沒有死。只要人類存在一天,人類的事業就不會結束。每一個人的工作,結合成人類整體的一部分,因此,就成了整體的一部分。整體存在,他的那一部分也就存在。全人類的生命——過去的、現代的和將來的——匯成了永不停息的生命的長河,並將變得越來越壯麗。一個人的生命,只是這生命長河中的一滴水。」丹尼爾就是據此將第一定律擴展為第零定律。